• Research Article

    Immunostimulatory Effect and Changes in Components of Unripe Citrus Fruits Fermented with Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus sakei

    Bacillus subtilis 및 Lactobacillus sakei를 이용한 풋귤 발효물의 면역증진 효과와 성분 변화 연구

    Seon-A Yoon, Ho Bong Hyun, Hyejin Hyeon, Ji seok Han, Miye Kwon, Ji-Gweon Park, Sang-chul Han, Hye-jin Boo, Young-min Ham

    윤선아, 현호봉, 현혜진, 한지석, 권미예, 박지권, 한상철, 부혜진, 함영민

    In this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing effects of mixed bacteria fermentation products of unripe Citrus unshiu Marcov. on RAW264.7 macrophages and … + READ MORE
    In this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing effects of mixed bacteria fermentation products of unripe Citrus unshiu Marcov. on RAW264.7 macrophages and the changes in flavonoid content according to fermentation conditions. Unripe Citrus unshiu Marcov. dried powder (UCP) were fermented with Bacillus subtilis B21043 (BS) and Lactobacillus sakei B21065 (LS), which were isolated from traditional fermented foods. When the two bacteria were mixed and fermented, the production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 macrophages significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, when the fermentation time was varied, the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner in the 48-hour fermentation group compared to the others at a lower concentration. In addition, when the amount of UCP used was changed, the test group using 30 g produced the highest levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Flavonoid content analysis was performed using high performance liquid chromatograph. There was no significant difference in the flavonoid content according to the type of bacteria, but as the fermentation time passed and the amount of UCP used increased, the content of naringenin and hesperetin, which are aglycone flavonoids, increased. Therefore, fermented unripe citrus fruits can be used as a functional food material for developing immune-enhancing products and ingredients. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2025

  • Research Article

    Inhibitory Activity of Lipid Accumulation Through β-Catenin-Mediated Suppression of PPARγ and CEBPα Expression by Leaf Extract of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula

    말오줌나무(Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula) 잎 추출물의 β-catenin 매개 PPARγ와 CEBPα의 발현 억제를 통한 지질축적 억제활성

    Jeong Won Choi, Ji A Kim, Hyeok Jin Choi, So Jung Park, Sang Hun Lee, Jin Hyuk Hwang, Min Yeong Choi, Gwang Hun Park, Jin Boo Jeong

    최정원, 김지아, 최혁진, 박소정, 이상훈, 황진혁, 최민영, 박광훈, 정진부

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-obesity activity and underlying mechanism of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula leaf (SRPL). Among … + READ MORE
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-obesity activity and underlying mechanism of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula leaf (SRPL). Among various extracts, the 100% distilled water extract obtained at 20°C (AE20-SRPL) exhibited the highest lipid accumulation inhibitory activity. AE20-SRPL demonstrated lipid accumulation inhibitory effects only when treated during the early stage of preadipocyte differentiation into mature adipocytes. AE20-SRPL reduced the protein levels of PPARγ and CEBPα in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, AE20-SRPL increased the protein levels of β-catenin in a concentration-dependent manner, and knockdown of β-catenin attenuated AE20-SRPL-mediated reductions in PPARγ and CEBPα protein levels as well as lipid accumulation. These findings indicate that AE20-SRPL inhibits lipid accumulation by activating β-catenin, which subsequently decreases the protein levels of PPARγ and CEBPα. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2025

  • Research Article

    Changes in Fruit Characteristics by Uiseong Local Germplasm and Harvest Time in Forsythia viridissima Lindl.

    의성개나리(Forsythia viridissima Lindl.)의 수집계통 및 수확시기에 따른 열매 특성 차이

    Kwan Su Kim

    김관수

    Forsythia viridissima Lindl. is a perennial woody plant for gardening, and its fruits have been used as herbal medicine. Changes in morphological … + READ MORE
    Forsythia viridissima Lindl. is a perennial woody plant for gardening, and its fruits have been used as herbal medicine. Changes in morphological characteristics and lignan components of fruits by Uiseong local germplasm of F. viridissima Lindl. and harvest time (from July to November) were investigated. Fruits have long ovate shapes and similar structures to sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) capsules, containing about 15.7 seeds. Across all 8 local germplasm, whole fruit weighs 0.12 g on average, 67% pericarp and 33% seed. Average content of arctigenin in whole fruit is 5.04 ㎎/g, showing the highest (5.99 ㎎/g) in FV10 line. The content of arctigenin in whole fruit is positively correlated with one of pericarp but lacks correlation with one of seed. In the study of the harvest time for fruits, fruit size was almost the same from July to November. Fruit weight increased from July (0.24 g) to August (0.29 g), remained similar till September (0.28 g), and then decreased with seed shattering. Arctigenin content decreased gradually from July (26.84 ㎎/g) to November (3.72 ㎎/g). Our results suggest that the pericarp in whole fruit is an important factor related to the fruit weight and arctigenin content, and the proper time to harvest fruits is in August, showing relatively higher weights of fruits and arctigenin content than in October. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2025

  • Research Article

    Fruit Characteristics of ’Stella’ Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) in Response to Plant Growth Regulator Treatments for Seedlessness and Berry Enlargement

    무핵화와 과립 비대를 위한 생장조절제 처리에 따른 ‘Stella’ 포도(Vitis vinifera L.)의 과실 특성

    Su Jin Kim, Dong Hoon Lee, Dong Jun Im, Jeong-Sil Choi, Youn Young Hur, Seo Jun Park

    김수진, 이동훈, 임동준, 최정실, 허윤영, 박서준

    This study investigated the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on seedlessness and fruit quality of the ‘Stella’ grape. PGR treatments included … + READ MORE
    This study investigated the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on seedlessness and fruit quality of the ‘Stella’ grape. PGR treatments included 200 ㎎/L Streptomycin (SM) and various concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) (1, 3, and 5 ㎎/L) combined with 25 ㎎/L gibberellic acid (GA). The results indicated that the grape bunch weight ranged from 300 g to 400 g across all treatments. Notably, the control and the treatment with 5 ㎎/L TDZ showed similar bunch weights, while other treatments resulted in lighter bunches. The berry weight did not significantly increase in most PGR treatments, except for the 5 ㎎/L TDZ treatment. The fruit length to diameter (L/D) ratio decreased in all PGR-treated grapes, resulting in a deviation from the typical rugby ball shape. Soluble solid content (SSC) was consistently above 20% in all groups, with no significant differences in acidity or color among the treatments. Notably, all PGR treatments achieved 100% seedlessness, compared to a 72% seedlessness rate in the control. Berry skin thickness and polymeric tannin content increased with higher TDZ concentrations, particularly in SM-treated groups. These findings suggest that PGR treatments effectively induce seedlessness in ‘Stella’ grapes, though optimization is required to enhance berry size and other quality traits. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2025

  • Research Article

    Agricultural Biodiversity of Conserved and Indigenous Genetic Resources in RDA Genebank

    국내 종자은행 보존 유전자원 및 토종 유전자원 다양성에 대한 고찰

    Dong Su Yu, Ji Eun Park, Nayoung No, Hyemyeong Yoon, Hee-Jong Woo, Gyu-Taek Cho, Ho Cheol Ko, Manjung Kang

    유동수, 박지은, 노나영, 윤혜명, 우희종, 조규택, 고호철, 강만정

    Securing agricultural genetic resources has become increasingly difficult due to climate change, urbanization, Changes in food consumption patterns, and the expansion of … + READ MORE
    Securing agricultural genetic resources has become increasingly difficult due to climate change, urbanization, Changes in food consumption patterns, and the expansion of large-scale agriculture, posing a threat to future food security. RDA Genebank in South Korea conserves 216,484 genetic resources, including foods, horticultural, and special-use crops such as rice, wheat, soybeans, peppers, sesame, and safflower. To evaluate its diversity globally, a comparison was conducted with Genesys, which holds 2,354,629 resources. RDA Genebank showed lower Shannon-Wiener, richness, evenness, and crop utilization indices compared to Genesys, primarily due to higher concentration of resources of food crops such as rice, wheat, and barley relative to fewer species. The diversity of agricultural genetic resources is closely linked to securing and preserving indigenous resources. An analysis of 41,998 Korean-origin resources in the RDA Genebank confirmed that a larger collection of species positively impacts biodiversity preservation efforts. To enhance biodiversity in agricultural genetic resources, it is crucial to establish cooperative systems for sharing genetic resource information among global institutions and ensure the stable acquisition of physical resources. Furthermore, ongoing efforts to investigate, secure, and utilize indigenous resources for breeding and crop improvement should be prioritized. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2025

  • Research Article

    Local Air Pollution Assessment Using Bryophytes as Bioindicators: A Case Study of Urban Development Forests and Biosphere Reserves

    선태식물을 활용한 국지적 대기오염 평가 - 도심 개발 산림과 생물권 보전지역 사례 연구 -

    Gyu Jin Hwang, Ui Sang Jang

    황규진, 장의상

    To assess local air pollution levels, bryophytes, which serve as bioindicators, were investigated in the surrounding forests of the urban development area … + READ MORE
    To assess local air pollution levels, bryophytes, which serve as bioindicators, were investigated in the surrounding forests of the urban development area in Uijeongbu City and the biosphere reserve area of Gwangneung Forest. Additionally, the Index of Atmosphere Purity (IAP) was analyzed. A total of 11 families and 16 taxa of bryophytes were identified at 21 survey sites in the study area. Sematophyllum subhumile was evaluated as a species resistant to air pollution due to its high dominance throughout the area. The IAP analysis resulted in values ranging from 7.0 to 43.2, with the Gwangneung Forest biosphere reserve area recording the highest values. The SO₂ concentration estimated based on the IAP index ranged from 0.013 to 0.030 ppm. The valley area of Gwangneung Forest, located east of Yongamsan Mountain and near Suribong, was identified as the cleanest area, as it harbored a diverse array of bryophytes. By overlaying the background concentrations and pollution-weighted concentrations of specific air pollutants analyzed through bryophytes, the local impacts on bryophytes can be predicted, allowing for the forecasting of changes in the bryophyte community in the region. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2025

  • Research Article

    Flora of Vascular Plants and Vertical Distributional Patterns of Vulnerable Species for Climate Change in Deogyusan National Park, Korea

    덕유산국립공원의 관속식물과 기후변화 취약종의 수직분포특성

    Yongsoon Lee, Tae-Soo Jang, Hyeonjin Kim, Minyeong Kwak, Bokyung Choi, Jiyeon Lee, Soonku So

    이용순, 장태수, 김현진, 곽민영, 최보경, 이지연, 소순구

    The Deogyusan National Park has a wide plant diversification with natural beauty and greenery accompanied by rich biodiversity and natural resources. The … + READ MORE
    The Deogyusan National Park has a wide plant diversification with natural beauty and greenery accompanied by rich biodiversity and natural resources. The floristic survey was conducted 33 times in total from April to October 2020, and resulted in the identification of 748 plant taxa belonging to 396 genera and 123 families. Four endangered plants, Cypripedium japonicum (category I), C. macranthos (category II), Aconitum austrokoreense (category II), and Lilium dauricum (category II), were found in the area. While 19 red list plants designed by the National Institute of Biological Resources were found, 31 Korean endemic taxa including Cimicifuga austrokoreana, Fallopia koreana, and Maianthemum bicolor were distributed in the Deogyusan National Park. A total of 57 taxa of floristic regional indicators (V-III grade) were found, including 5 taxa of V, 11 taxa of IV and 41 taxa of III. In this survey, 40 naturalized plants were recorded including 5.3% of naturalization index, 9.4% of urbanization index as well as six ecosystem disturbing plants. Plant diversity in Deogyusan National Park seemed to be decreased and influenced by various factors due to the human interference and agriculture. To conserve biodiversity of Deogyusan National Park, it is essential to establish conservation strategies for native habitats, focusing on northern lineage plants among vulnerable species for climate change. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2025

  • Research Article

    Floristic Study of Gohado Island in Korea

    고하도의 관속식물상

    Jae-Kyeong Lee, Min-Ju Park, Iseon Kim, Yongsung Kim, Jong-Soo Park, Narae Yun, Seung Jin Park, Bo-Mi Nam, Seahee Han

    이재경, 박민주, 김이선, 김용성, 박종수, 윤나래, 박승진, 남보미, 한세희

    The study on vascular plants of Gohado Island was conducted over 17 field surveys from August 2021 to October 2023. As the … + READ MORE
    The study on vascular plants of Gohado Island was conducted over 17 field surveys from August 2021 to October 2023. As the study, a total of 431 taxa were recorded, including: 105 families, 294 genera, 395 species, seven subspecies, 27 varieties, and two forma. In the vascular plants, three endangered wild plants were recorded, Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill., Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. and Cleisostoma scolopendrifolium (Makino) Garay. Taxa of National Red List published by the Ministry of Environment of Korea were 12 taxa. A total of five Korean endemic plants were investigated for example Weigela subsessilis (Nakai) L. H. Bailey and Clematis brachyura Maxim. A total of 81 taxa of floristic regional indicators (3rd to 5th degree) were investigated including four taxa of V, six taxa of IV, 15 taxa of III, 10 taxa of II, and 46 taxa of I. Alien plants were recorded a total of 91 taxa with a Naturalization Index of 18.3%., the Urbanization Index was calculated to be 26.7%, and, seven taxa of ecosystem disturbance plants were investigated such as Solanum carolinense L., Hypochaeris radicata L. and Solidago altissima L. As the result of comparison with previous studies, in this study a total of 239 taxa were newly identified including: 75 families, 178 genera, 214 species, five subspecies, 19 varieties, and one forma. The results of this study will serve as fundamental information for identifying methods to conserve native resources in Gohado Island and for efficiently managing and sustainably utilizing resource plants. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2025
  • Erratum to : 오염지 환경복원 소재 개발을 위한 유용 식물자원 특성 평가
    남경희
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    1 April 2025
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Journal Informaiton Korean Journal of Plant Resources Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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