All Issue

2026 Vol.39, Issue 5 Preview Page

Research Article

Flora of Four Inhabited Islands in Jawol-myeon, Ongjin-gun, Incheon, Korea: Jawoldo, Seungbongdo, Daeijakdo, and Soijakdo

인천광역시 옹진군 자월면 4개 유인도서의 식물상: 자월도, 승봉도, 대이작도, 소이작도

Nuree Na1
,
Byung Jun Park2
,
Hyeong-Bok Cho3
,
Jihun Lee4
,
Seungju Jo2
,
Beom Kyun Park5
나 누리1
,
박 병준2
,
조 형복3
,
이 지훈4
,
조 승주2
,
박 범균5
1Post-doc, DMZ Forest Biological Resources Research Division, DMZ Botanic Garden, Yanggu 24564, Korea
2Master’s Degree Researcher, DMZ Forest Biological Resources Research Division, DMZ Botanic Garden, Yanggu 24564, Korea
3Visiting Researcher, DMZ Forest Biological Resources Research Division, DMZ Botanic Garden, Yanggu 24564, Korea
4Researcher, Division of Wild Plant Seed Research, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Korea
5Researcher, DMZ Forest Biological Resources Research Division, DMZ Botanic Garden, Yanggu 24564, Korea
1국립수목원 DMZ산림생물자원연구과, 박사연구원
2국립수목원 DMZ산림생물자원연구과, 석사연구원
3국립수목원 DMZ산림생물자원연구과, 객원연구원
4국립백두대간수목원 산림생물자원본부 야생식물종자실, 주임
5국립수목원 DMZ산림생물자원연구과, 연구사
*Corresponding Author
1 October 2026. pp. 276-311
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

The vascular flora of four inhabited islands Jawoldo, Seungbongdo, Daeijakdo, and Soijakdo islands in Jawol-myeon, Ongjin-gun, Incheon, Korea, was surveyed over a total of 26 days from April to November 2025. In addition, previously collected specimens deposited in the herbarium of the Korea National Arboretum (KH) were re-examined. As a result, a total of 677 taxa were documented, comprising 120 families, 396 genera, 614 species, 15 subspecies, 42 varieties, four forms, and two hybrids. Among them, four taxa were listed as rare plants in the National Red List of Korea, including one endangered (EN) taxon, two vulnerable (VU) taxa, and one near-threatened (NT) taxon. Eight taxa were endemic to the Korean Peninsula. A total of 91 floristic target species were identified: four taxa in grade Ⅳ, 17 in grade Ⅲ, 28 in grade Ⅱ, and 42 in grade Ⅰ. Thirty-six halophyte taxa were recorded. Additionally, 153 alien plant taxa and seven ecosystem-disturbing species were identified. This study provides a checklist of vascular plants for Jawoldo, Seungbongdo, Daeijakdo, and Soijakdo islands.

Keywords
Daeijakdo
Endemic plants
Flora
Jawoldo
Ongjin-gun
Rare plants
Seungbongdo
Soijakdo
References
1

Cho, Y.H., J.H. Kim, and S.H. Park. 2016. Grasses and Sedges in South Korea. Geobook, Seoul, Korea. pp. 1-527 (in Korean).

2

Chung, G.Y., H.D. Jang, K.S. Chang, H.J. Choi, Y.S. Kim, H.J. Kim, and D.C. Son. 2023. A checklist of endemic plants on the Korean Peninsula II. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 53(2):79-101.

10.11110/kjpt.2023.53.2.79
3

Hamilton, A.C. 2008. Medicinal Plants in Conservation and Development: Case Studies and Lessons Learnt. Plantlife International Publisher, Salisbury, United Kingdom. pp. 1-43.

4

Hyun, J.O. and H.K. Park. 2009a. Flora of Seungbong-do. In 3rd National Ecosystem Survey. National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea. pp. 1-10 (in Korean).

5

Hyun, J.O. and H.K. Park. 2009b. Flora of Jawol-do. In 3rd National Ecosystem Survey. National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea. pp. 1-10 (in Korean).

6

Im, H.-T. 1999. Flora of Korea and the role of floristic study. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 29(3):275-284 (in Korean).

10.11110/kjpt.1999.29.3.275
7

Jung, S.H. and Y.C. Cho. 2020. Redefining floristic zones in the Korean Peninsula using high-resolution georeferenced specimen data and self-organizing maps. Ecol. Evol. 10(20): 11549-11564.

10.1002/ece3.6790
8

Kang, E.S., J.W. Seol, J.E. Jang, S.-Y. Jung, H.B. Kim, and D.C. Son. 2025. An updated checklist of alien plants in the Republic of Korea. Biol. Invasions 27:231.

10.1007/s10530-025-03688-0
9

Kim, C.H., M.O. Moon, J.K. Ahn, I.C. Hwang, S.H. Lee, S.S. Choi, J.H. Lee, H.M. Bum, C.G. Kim, and J.Y. Cha. 2018. Floristic Target Species in Korea. National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea. pp. 1-728 (in Korean).

10

Kim, E.G. 2013. Halophytes of Korea. Nature and Ecology, Seoul, Korea. pp. 1-368 (in Korean).

11

Kim, T.H. and J.H. Lee. 2022. Topography of Seungbong-do (Map Sheet 376141). In 5th National Ecosystem Survey. National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea. pp. 1-30 (in Korean).

12

Kim, T.Y. and J.S. Kim. 2018. Woody Plants of Korean Peninsula. Dolbegae, Paju, Korea. pp. 1-714 (in Korean).

13

Korea Meteorological Administration. 2023. Incheon Metropolitan City Climate Change Outlook Report 2023: Climate Change Projections According to the Four SSP Scenarios. Korea Meteorological Administration, Daejeon, Korea. pp. 1-133 (in Korean).

14

Korea National Arboretum. 2008. Illustrated Pteridophytes of Korea. Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Korea. pp. 1-547 (in Korean).

15

Korea National Arboretum. 2016. Illustrated Cyperaceae of Korea. Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Korea. pp. 1-531 (in Korean).

16

Korea National Arboretum. 2019. Illustrated Juncaceae·Eriocaulaceae· Typhaceae of Korea. Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Korea. pp. 1-255 (in Korean).

17

Korea National Arboretum. 2021. The National Red List of Vascular Plants in Korea. Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Korea. pp. 1-423 (in Korean).

18

Korea National Arboretum. 2026. Korean Plant Name Index (KPNI). Retrieved 11 Feb. 2026, from http://www.nature.go.kr/kpni/SubIndex.do

19

Kwon, S.W., N. Yun, B.-M. Nam, and J.-H. Kim. 2025. A checklist of vascular plants in Donggeomdo Island (Ganghwa-gun), Korea. Korean J. Plant Res. 38(4):477-503 (in Korean).

10.7732/KJPR.2025.38.4.477
20

Leadley, P., H.M. Pereira, R. Alkemade, J.F. Fernandez- Manjarrés, V. Proença, J.P.W. Scharlemann, and M. Walpole. 2010. Biodiversity Scenarios: Projections of 21st Century Change in Biodiversity and Associated Ecosystem Services. CBD Technical Series No. 50. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal, Canada. pp. 1-132.

21

Lee, C.S. and K.H. Lee. 2018. Pteridophytes of Korea: Lycophytes & Ferns, second edition. GeoBook Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 1-468 (in Korean).

22

Lee, H.J., S.C. Choi, and Y.H. Lee. 1982. Taxonomical and ecological study on the vegetation of the Seungbong Island. Korean J. Ecology 5(2-3):105-116 (in Korean).

23

Lee, J.H. and B.H. Choi. 2008. Distribution of broad-leaved evergreen plants on islands of Incheon, middle part of Yellow Sea. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 38(3):315-332 (in Korean).

10.11110/kjpt.2008.38.3.315
24

Lee, J.-W., N. Yun, and B.-M. Nam. 2025. A study on the changes in vascular flora and its management plan in the Muuido (Inchoen Metropolitan City) area. Korean J. Plant Res. 38(4):408-448 (in Korean).

25

Lee, T.B. 2003. Coloured Flora of Korea. Vol. I, Ⅱ. Hyangmunsa Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 1-1824 (in Korean).

26

Lee, Y.N. 2006. New Flora of Korea. Vol. I, Ⅱ. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 1-1860 (in Korean).

27

Melchior, H. (ed.). 1964. A. Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. II. Band. Angiospermen. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin-Nikolassee, Germany. pp. 1-666 (in German).

28

Melchior, H. and E. Werdermann. 1954. A. Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. I. Band. Allgemeiner Teil. Bakterien bis Gymnospermen. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin-Nikolassee, Germany. pp. 1-367.

29

Ministry of Environment. 2023. Act on the conservation and use of biodiversity. https://www.law.go.kr.

30

Ministry of Environment 2024. Wildlife protection and management act. https://www.law.go.kr.

31

Numata, M. 1975. Naturalized Plants. Japanese books, Tokyo. pp. 1-160 (in Japanese).

32

Ongjin-gun County Office. Retrieved 12 Dec. 2025, from https://www.ongjin.go.kr.

33

Park, G.H. 1983. Ecological and taxonomical study on the vegetation of islands in Kyong-gi Bay. Department of Biology, Ph.D. Thesis, Kyung Hee Univ., Seoul, Korea. pp. 1-172 (in Korean).

34

Park, S.H. 2009. New Illustrations and Photographs of Naturalized Plants of Korea. Ilchokak Publishing, Seoul, Korea. pp. 1-575 (in Korean).

35

Seo, J.C. and K.S. Yun. 2001. Topographical Landscape of the Seungbong-do Area. In 2nd National Ecosystem Survey. Ministry of Environment, Gwacheon, Korea. pp. 3-34 (in Korean).

36

Sim, H.-B., S.-M. Seo, and B.-H. Choi. 2002. Floristic survey of salt marshes and dunes on Gyeonggi Bay in Korea. Korean J. Environ. Biol. 20(1):25-34 (in Korean).

37

The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group. 2016. A community- derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns. J. Syst. Evol. 54(6):563-603.

10.1111/jse.12229
38

Wagensommer, R.P. 2023. Floristic studies in the light of biodiversity knowledge and conservation. Plants 12(16): 2973.

10.3390/plants12162973
39

Yim, Y.J. and E.S. Jeon. 1980. Distribution of naturalized plants in the Korean Peninsula. Korean J. Bot. 23:69-83 (in Korean).

40

Yun, S.O. and C.S. Park. 2009a. Landscape of the Seungbong Area. In 3rd National Ecosystem Survey. Ministry of Environment, Gwacheon, Korea. pp. 1-56 (in Korean).

41

Yun, S.O. and C.S. Park. 2009b. Landscape of the Jawol Area. In 3rd National Ecosystem Survey. Ministry of Environment, Gwacheon, Korea. pp. 1-30 (in Korean).

Information
  • Publisher :The Plant Resources Society of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국자원식물학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Plant Resources
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국자원식물학회지
  • Volume : 39
  • No :5
  • Pages :276-311
  • Received Date : 2026-05-22
  • Revised Date : 2026-08-04
  • Accepted Date : 2026-08-21
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2026.39.5.276
Journal Informaiton Korean Journal of Plant Resources Korean Journal of Plant Resources
Online Submission
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close