• Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Auricularia nigricans against LPS-induced Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages through Modulation of MAPK/NF-κB and ROS/PI3K/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling

    MAPK/NF-κB 및 ROS/PI3K/Nrf2/HO-1 신호 조절을 통한 털목이버섯(Auricularia nigricans) 에틸아세테이트 분획물의 LPS 유도 대식세포 염증반응 억제 효과

    So Jung Park, Kyoung Tae Lee, Jeong Won Choi, Hyeok Jin Choi, Gyeong Eun Im, Bo Hee Seo, Ha Eun Kim, Youngki Park, Jin Boo Jeong

    박소정, 이경태, 최정원, 최혁진, 임경은, 서보희, 김하은, 박영기, 정진부

    Auricularia nigricans is an edible and medicinal mushroom consumed in East Asia, but the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of its ethyl acetate fraction remain … + READ MORE
    Auricularia nigricans is an edible and medicinal mushroom consumed in East Asia, but the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of its ethyl acetate fraction remain unclear. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of A. nigricans (AN-EA) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. AN-EA dose-dependently reduced LPS-induced NO and PGE2 production without cytotoxicity. It also suppressed the LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 at both protein and mRNA levels. Mechanistic analysis showed that AN-EA inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK-related proteins, including ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and ATF-2, as well as NF-κB p65. In addition, AN-EA activated the cytoprotective Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, increasing Nrf2 expression from 1 h and HO-1 expression from 6 h. LY294002 and NAC inhibited AN-EA-induced Nrf2 and HO-1 expression, while NAC also blocked AN-EA-mediated PI3K phosphorylation. These results suggest that AN-EA suppresses inflammatory responses by inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB signaling and activating the ROS-dependent PI3K/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. - COLLAPSE
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    1 August 2026
  • Development of Optimized Propagation Techniques by Determining Germination and Cutting Conditions in Sageretia thea (Osbeck) M.C. Johnst.

    상동나무의 발아 및 삽목 조건 구명에 따른 증식기술 개발

    Min Ji Kwon, Hui-Yeong Jeong, Dae Hui Jeong, Jeong Ho Song, Ho-Jun Son

    권민지, 정희영, 정대희, 송정호, 손호준

    This study aimed to establish an efficient propagation system for Sageretia thea by analyzing seed germination, cutting conditions, and plant growth regulator … + READ MORE
    This study aimed to establish an efficient propagation system for Sageretia thea by analyzing seed germination, cutting conditions, and plant growth regulator (PGR) treatment. To determine the optimal seed germination conditions, seed water absorption was measured, and germination percentage (GP) was investigated under different temperature conditions. In addition, mean germination time (MGT), days to 50% of germination of final germination rate (T50), and germination velocity (Rs) were also investigated. To determine the optimal cutting propagation conditions, rooting characteristics were investigated according to cutting type, cutting length, cutting diameter, and concentration treatments of three PGRs. The results showed that seed water absorption reached 54.8 ± 0.6%. The optimal temperature for GP was 15℃, at which GP was 100 ± 0.0%; however, considering both GP and germination velocity, the optimal temperature range was 20∼25℃. Hardwood cuttings exhibited the highest rooting rate at 66.7 ± 2.4% compared to softwood cuttings. The optimal cutting length and diameter were 7∼9 ㎝ (40.0 ± 4.0%) and 6∼7 ㎜ (50.0 ± 4.0%), respectively. Among the plant growth regulators tested, GA3 at 1,000 ㎎/L exhibited superior rooting performance, with a leaf emergence rate of 86.7 ± 4.7% and a rooting rate of 61.7 ± 13.1%. - COLLAPSE
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    1 August 2026
  • SNP-Based Analysis of Genetic Population Structure and IBS-Based Identification of Cultivar-Related Genetic Resources in Rice Germplasm

    SNP 기반 벼 유전자원의 유전적 집단구조 분석 및 IBS를 이용한 육성품종 근연 자원 탐색

    Hyeon Park, Sang-Ho Chu, Yong-Jin Park, Hee-Jong Woo, Ho Cheol Ko, Young-ah Jeon, Yuna Kang, Bichsaem Kim, Dong Su Yu

    박현, 추상호, 박용진, 우희종, 고호철, 전영아, 강유나, 김빛샘, 유동수

    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major staple crop worldwide, and the effective use of diverse genetic resources is essential for … + READ MORE
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major staple crop worldwide, and the effective use of diverse genetic resources is essential for developing climate-resilient cultivars. In this study, 1,418 rice accessions representing cultivars, landraces, indica-type weedy rice, and wild rice groups were genotyped using the 580K_KNU chip, and 22,950 high-quality SNP markers were used to evaluate genetic diversity and identify germplasm for further evaluation. Genetic diversity analysis revealed substantial genome-wide variation in minor allele frequency (MAF), expected heterozygosity (He), observed heterozygosity (Ho), and polymorphism information content (PIC). Population structure inferred from ADMIXTURE and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed clear genetic differentiation among the five populations, further supported by Fst estimates indicating that weedy rice exhibited the greatest genetic divergence. Identity-by-state (IBS) analysis identified accessions genetically closest to nine cultivars. Six cultivars were predominantly associated with landrace accessions, while the remaining three exhibited closer genetic proximity to indica-type weedy rice accessions. These results likely reflect differences in breeding history and genetic backgrounds among cultivar groups, and the selected accessions can be proposed as priority candidates for subsequent phenotypic evaluation. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive genetic characterization of Korean rice germplasm and highlights priority germplasm candidates for future phenotypic evaluation and rice improvement programs. - COLLAPSE
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    1 August 2026
  • 영문제목

    한반도 미기록 외래식물: 유럽우단담배풀

    Young Chul Kim, Hyun Hee Chae, Dong Hee Choi

    김영철, 채현희, 최동희

    Verbascum virgatum Stokes (Scrophulariaceae), which grows in the barren and dry conditions of France, Spain, Portugal, and the Atlantic and Mediterranean regions, … + READ MORE
    Verbascum virgatum Stokes (Scrophulariaceae), which grows in the barren and dry conditions of France, Spain, Portugal, and the Atlantic and Mediterranean regions, was newly discovered on the coast of Chilpo-ri, Heunghae-eup, Buk-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea. This plant is distinguished from the Verbascum thapsus L. that has naturalized and is growing in Korea by having serrated margins on the leaves emerged to the rosette form, not only by the entire plant body does not display a pale green or pale yellow color, but also by the flowers are sparsely arranged in the inflorescence. The Korean name for this species is ‘You-rup-woo-dan-dam-bae-pool,’ based on the traits that its native habitat and main distribution area is Europe. This study presented a detailed description and photographs of this species, characteristics of its habitat, and taxonomic differences from closely related taxa distributed in Korea. - COLLAPSE
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    1 August 2026
  • Taxonomic Re-evaluation of the Arisaema amurense Complex and A. takesimense

    천남성 복합체와 섬남성의 분류학적 재평가

    Young-Ho Kim, Sang-Jun Kim, KyoungSu Choi

    김영호, 김상준, 최경수

    Species delimitation within Korean Arisaema sect. Pistillata was evaluated using morphological and nrDNA ITS data. Although morphological characters such as leaf margin … + READ MORE
    Species delimitation within Korean Arisaema sect. Pistillata was evaluated using morphological and nrDNA ITS data. Although morphological characters such as leaf margin serration, spadix shape, and leaflet variegation showed taxon-specific tendencies, they were insufficient when used alone as diagnostic characters. PCA revealed substantial overlap between A. amurense var. serratum and A. amurense, whereas A. serratum and A. takesimense showed only partial separation. Phylogenetic analyses resolved two major clades, one including A. amurense var. serratum and A. amurense and the other including A. serratum and A. takesimense, although some individuals were inconsistently placed. ITS sequence divergence was minimal in the former group, while variation between A. serratum and A. takesimense was present but not consistent among individuals. These results suggest that morphological characters alone may be insufficient for species delimitation and that partial differentiation is present between A. serratum and A. takesimense. - COLLAPSE
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    1 August 2026
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