• Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Gloeostereum incarnatum Mycelia in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages

    느릅나무버섯(Gloeostereum incarnatum) 균사체 ethyl acetate 분획의 RAW264.7 대식세포에서의 항염증 효과 및 작용기전

    Hyeok Jin Choi, Jeong Won Choi, So Jung Park, Gyeong Eun Im, Bo Hee Seo, Ha Eun Kim, Youngki Park, Kyoung Tae Lee, Jin Boo Jeong

    최혁진, 최정원, 박소정, 임경은, 서보희, 김하은, 박영기, 이경태, 정진부

    This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethyl acetate fraction from the mycelia of Gloeostereum incarnatum (GIM-EAF) and its underlying molecular … + READ MORE
    This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethyl acetate fraction from the mycelia of Gloeostereum incarnatum (GIM-EAF) and its underlying molecular mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Among the solvent fractions obtained from the 70% ethanol extract, GIM-EAF showed the strongest inhibitory effect on NO production. GIM-EAF significantly and dose-dependently suppressed the production of NO and PGE2 without cytotoxicity, accompanied by reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Mechanistically, GIM-EAF inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPKs, including ERK1/2, p38, and JNK, as well as their downstream target ATF2 and NF-κB p65, indicating suppression of major pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. In contrast, GIM-EAF enhanced PI3K phosphorylation and promoted Nrf2 accumulation and HO-1 expression. These effects were significantly attenuated by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, suggesting that activation of the PI3K/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway contributes to its anti-inflammatory action. Collectively, these findings suggest that GIM-EAF exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling while activating the PI3K/Nrf2/HO-1 axis in LPS-stimulated macrophages. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2026
  • Evaluation of Winter Hardiness and Agronomic Trait Diversity in Triticale Genetic Resources

    트리티케일 유전자원의 내한성 및 농업 형질 다양성 평가

    Ja Hwan Ku, Jeong Ju Kim, Keun Chun Park, Sujung Kim, Kyung Yoon Ra, Myoung Ryoul Park, Su Jeong Kim

    구자환, 김정주, 박근춘, 김수정, 라경윤, 박명렬, 김수정

    This study evaluated winter hardiness and agronomic traits in 253 triticale germplasms from 17 countries to support breeding for Korean paddy field … + READ MORE
    This study evaluated winter hardiness and agronomic traits in 253 triticale germplasms from 17 countries to support breeding for Korean paddy field double cropping systems. The East Asian group, including Korea, exhibited superior potential for forage yield with the earliest heading (195 days), tallest plant height (133 ㎝), and highest thousand-grain weight (50 g). Overall, stronger winter hardiness correlated with longer plant and culm lengths. A significant negative correlation (r = -0.60***) between heading date and thousand-grain weight suggests that early heading resources are advantageous for large grain development in Korea. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis identified four distinct groups. Cluster I (early maturity, high grain weight) and Cluster II (strong winter hardiness, tall plant height) were identified as the most effective parental lines for developing high yielding, high quality triticale varieties adapted to domestic environments. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2026
  • Floristic Study of Buyongbong Mountain (Yeongyang-gun), Korea

    부용봉(영양군)의 관속식물상

    Woong Lee, Jin-Seok Kim, Sunhee Sim, Min-Ha Kim, Jung-Hyun Kim

    이웅, 김진석, 심선희, 김민하, 김중현

    This study aimed to investigate the vascular flora of Buyongbong mountain (376 m), located in Yeongyang-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do. A total of 13 field … + READ MORE
    This study aimed to investigate the vascular flora of Buyongbong mountain (376 m), located in Yeongyang-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do. A total of 13 field surveys were conducted between March 2019 and October 2024. Based on the collected specimens, 508 taxa of vascular plants were identified, comprising 111 families, 326 genera, 460 species, 11 subspecies, 36 varieties, and one forma. Among them, nine taxa were endemic to the Korean Peninsula. Fourteen taxa were listed in the regional red list, including two Near Threatened (NT) taxa and twelve Least Concern (LC) taxa. Floristic target plants amounted to 71 taxa, consisting of two taxa of grade V, 11 taxa of grade IV, 12 taxa of grade III, 16 taxa of grade II, and 30 taxa of grade I. Forty-nine taxa of alien plants were identified, with a naturalized index of 9.6% and an urbanization index of 12.5%. Five taxa of ecosystem-disturbing plants were also observed. In addition, the floristic similarity between Buyongbong mountain and the adjacent sedimentary-rock of Jaamsan mountain was evaluated using the Sørensen similarity index (CCs). Based on 364 taxa shared by both mountains, the similarity index was calculated as 70.1%. These results provide fundamental data for understanding plant diversity and conservation value of sedimentary-rock mountains and for establishing standardized surveys and long-term monitoring strategies in the future. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2026
  • Vascular Plants of Mt. Baeka (Hwasun-gun)

    백아산(화순군)의 관속식물상

    Keum Ja Hwang, Tae-Young Choi, Soo-Rang Lee

    황금자, 최태영, 이수랑

    This study documents the vascular flora of Mt. Baeka (Buk-myeon, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea), a region experiencing increasing conservation pressure due to rapid … + READ MORE
    This study documents the vascular flora of Mt. Baeka (Buk-myeon, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea), a region experiencing increasing conservation pressure due to rapid tourism development. Since the expansion of tourism infrastructure, particularly following the construction of a sky bridge in 2013, visitor numbers have risen sharply, leading to intensified anthropogenic disturbances. To assess plant diversity under these pressures, six field surveys were conducted between April and October 2025. A total of 397 taxa of vascular plants were identified, comprising 102 families, 269 genera, 360 species, 4 subspecies, 28 varieties, and 5 forms. The flora includes 10 endemic species, one species classified as Vulnerable (VU) on the Korean National Red List, 29 alien species, three highly invasive species, and 48 taxa designated as floristic regional indicator plants. These findings indicate that Mt. Baeka harbors substantial plant diversity while facing increasing ecological threats. This updated inventory provides essential baseline data for long-term monitoring and supports the development of effective conservation and management strategies in response to ongoing anthropogenic pressures. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2026
  • Vascular Flora of the Seolheulsan-Eungbongsan Area, Namhaedo Island

    남해도 설흘산-응봉산 일대의 관속식물상

    Eun Mi Lee, Jeongyun Byeon, Sunmi Park, Narae Yun, Bo-Mi Nam, SeonJoo Park

    이은미, 변정윤, 박선미, 윤나래, 남보미, 박선주

    Floristic surveys were conducted from April to October 2024 in the Seolheulsan-Eungbongsan Mt. area of Namhaedo Island, Korea. A total of 446 … + READ MORE
    Floristic surveys were conducted from April to October 2024 in the Seolheulsan-Eungbongsan Mt. area of Namhaedo Island, Korea. A total of 446 vascular plant taxa were identified (111 families, 297 genera, 403 species, 7 subspecies, 34 varieties, and 2 forms), representing 9.5% of the Korean Peninsula flora. Nine taxa endemic to Korea and six red-listed taxa were recorded. Phytogeographically significant taxa totaled 78 (17.5%). Fifty-seven alien taxa were found, with a naturalization rate of 10.8% and an urbanization index of 16.2%. Field observations also indicated that Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi extensively dominated lower ridge zones and slopes adjacent to coastal areas; in repeatedly disturbed habitats, its vine cover may affect understory vegetation, suggesting the need for management based on long-term monitoring. Twenty-three climate change indicator taxa were identified, accounting for 56.1% of the nationally designated vascular-plant indicator taxa. These results provide baseline floristic data for southwestern Namhae Island and support long-term assessment of floristic change driven by disturbance and climate warming. - COLLAPSE
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    1 April 2026
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